Young Workers' Perceptions of the Benefits of BPJS Employment as a Social Protection Instrument
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61942/msj.v4i1.555Keywords:
Online platform workers, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, Social protection, Social security, Young workers.Abstract
The rapid growth of Indonesia’s digital economy has increased the number of online platform workers, predominantly young workers with secondary education. However, their understanding of labor rights and social security remains limited. This study aims to analyze young workers’ perceptions of the benefits of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan as a social protection instrument. A quantitative descriptive approach is used by utilizing secondary data from surveys as well as additional data. The findings reveal that workers’ comprehension of social security, labor regulations, and legal protection mechanisms is still low, influenced by education level, work experience, and interaction with digital platforms. Structural challenges such as unclear employment status, limited specific regulations, and the absence of written work contracts further increase their vulnerability to labor rights violations. These results emphasize the need to enhance legal and digital literacy and strengthen the roles of the government, platform companies, and worker organizations in improving social protection for online platform workers.
Downloads
References
Asyhadie, Z. (2013). Employment law in the field of employment relations (3rd ed.). Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Au‐Yeung, T., Chan, C., Ming, C., & Tsui, W. (2024). The gig economy, platform work, and social policy: Food delivery workers’ occupational welfare dilemma in Hong Kong. Journal of Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0047279423000673
Central Statistics Agency. (2023). National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas 2023). Jakarta: BPS.
Hasibuan, R., Abdillah, M., Andini, N., Siregar, F., & Tanjung, A. (2025). Kontrak kerja vs kontrak platform: Perbandingan perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja di era ekonomi digital. Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi. https://doi.org/10.62383/konsensus.v2i3.941
Hukum, J., Sosial, D., I., Nawangsari, S., & Info, A. (2025). Legal protection for gig economy workers from the perspective of labor law in Indonesia. Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial. https://doi.org/10.51903/hakim.v3i1.2289
Introduction to the BPJS Journal. (2025). Young workers' perceptions of BPJS Employment benefits. Research document.
Janssen, E., Hendriks, P., & Vermeer, S. (2025). The disruption of labor law in the platform economy: Towards a normative reconfiguration. Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law. https://doi.org/10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2216
Kulshrestha, S. (2025). Governing platform work in India: A risk matrix approach to tackling algorithmic arbitrage in line with the SDGs. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i5.9475
Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia. (2021). Regulation of the Minister of Manpower Number 5 of 2021 concerning Social Security for Workers. Jakarta: Ministry of Manpower.
Nilsen, M., Kongsvik, T., & Antonsen, S. (2022). Taming Proteus: Challenges for risk regulation of powerful digital labor platforms. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106196
Priyatna, S., & Mustofa, A. (2024). Analysis of benefit level among employees receiving institution of social security employment at Hoffment Cleanindo Persero Surabaya. Socious Journal. https://doi.org/10.62872/fx3vv040
Rasyid, A. (2020). The role of BPJS Employment in increasing labor productivity in Indonesia. Journal of Economics and Development, 15(2), 123–135.
Republic of Indonesia. (2011). Law Number 24 of 2011 concerning the Social Security Administration Agency. State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia 2011 Number 116.
Republic of Indonesia. (2020). Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Jakarta: State Secretariat.
Republic of Indonesia. (2025). Draft Law on Amendments to the Manpower Law (2025 National Legislation Program). Jakarta.
Results and Discussion. (2025). Analysis of understanding and legal protection of online application workers. Research document.
Rolf, S., O’Reilly, J., & Meryon, M. (2022). Towards privatized social and employment protections in the platform economy? Evidence from the UK courier sector. Research Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104492
Rustamova, N., Sharifzoda, S., Burxanxodjaeva, X., Rahimqulova, L., Turdialiev, M., Nurullaev, F., & Eshchanova, D. (2025). Social protection in developing countries: Legal, economic, and social trends. Qubahan Academic Journal. https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1222
Schor, J., Tirrell, C., & Vallas, S. (2023). Consent and contestation: How platform workers reckon with the risks of gig labor. Work, Employment and Society, 38, 1423–1444. https://doi.org/10.1177/09500170231199404
Setiawan, A., Sunandar, F., Juaeni, A., & Triestanto, J. (2025). Analysis of digital employment contracts on gig economy platforms: Between flexibility and exploitation. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijlcj.v2i3.723
Shepherd, N. (2025). Gig economy workers’ rights: Legal classification and social protection in digital labour markets. International Journal of Law and Societal Studies. https://doi.org/10.61424/ijlss.v2i1.379
Utsumi, J., Mizusawa, K., Tachibana, Y., Ogata, I., & Tetsuya, H. (2025). Regulating gig work and labor protections in the age of platforms. International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science (IJ-HuMaSS). https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0801.705
Wirata, G., Lubis, M., Widyaningsih, H., Veithzal, A., & Wardana, A. (2025). The dynamics of beneficiaries' experiences in social protection policies: A hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Journal of Posthumanism. https://doi.org/10.63332/joph.v5i4.1072
Wulandari, A., & Oktavia, Y. (2022). Analysis of BPJS Employment policies for employees in a company (Batam City). Journal of Social and Political Sciences, 4(1), 47–57.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Cennet Yohansen S, Suvia Fahrani Lubis, Yusnita Adwiah Hasibuan, Nurul Adha Afraihan Br Sebayang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
